Lesson 4: Tawhid ar-Rububiyyah
1. Text:
وَقَدْ أَقَرَّ بِهِ الْكُفَّارُ عَلَى زَمَنِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَمْ يُدْخِلْهُمْ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ وَقَاتَلَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاسْتَحَلَّ دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ.
وَالدَّلِيلُ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى:
قُلْ مَنْ يَرْزُقُكُمْ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ أَمَّنْ يَمْلِكُ السَّمْعَ وَالْأَبْصَارَ وَمَنْ يُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَيُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنَ الْحَيِّ وَمَنْ يُدَبِّرُ الْأَمْرَ فَسَيَقُولُونَ اللَّهُ فَقُلْ أَفَلَا تَتَّقُونَ
وَقَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى:
قُلْ لِمَنِ الْأَرْضُ وَمَنْ فِيهَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّهِ قُلْ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ قُلْ مَنْ رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعِ وَرَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّهِ قُلْ أَفَلَا تَتَّقُونَ قُلْ مَنْ بِيَدِهِ مَلَكُوتُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَهُوَ يُجِيرُ وَلَا يُجَارُ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّهِ قُلْ فَأَنَّى تُسْحَرُونَ
2. Translation:
The disbelievers at the time of the messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) affirmed it, but it did not put them into the fold of Islam. And the messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) fought against them and made their blood and wealth permissible.
And the proof is the word of Allah, the exalted:
Say, “Who provides for you from the heaven and the earth? Or who controls hearing and sight and who brings the living out of the dead and brings the dead out of the living and who arranges [every] matter?" They will say, "Allah," so say, "Then will you not fear Him?" [Noble Qur’an 10:31]
And the word of Allah, the exalted:
Say, [O Muhammad], "To whom belongs the earth and whoever is in it, if you should know?" They will say, "To Allah." Say, "Then will you not remember?" Say, "Who is Lord of the seven heavens and Lord of the Great Throne?" They will say, "[They belong] to Allah." Say, "Then will you not fear Him?" Say, "In whose hand is the realm of all things – and He protects while none can protect against Him – if you should know?" They will say, "[All belongs] to Allah." Say, "Then how are you deluded?" [Noble Qur’an 23:84-89]
3. Explanation:
In the previous lesson we studied about Tawhid and its types. We studied that Tawhid is of three types, namely:
- Tawhid ar-Rububiyyah,
- Tawhid al-Uluhiyyah, and
- Tawhid al-Asma’ was-Sifat.
Now in this lesson we will insha Allah study about the first type of Tawhid, which is Tawhid ar-Rububiyyah.
If you have landed here directly we recommend you to start reading from the 1st lesson
Tawhid ar-Rububiyyah means to single out Allah in His actions. Singling out Allah in His actions means, to believe that Allah is the creator, sustainer, giver of life and death, etc. which are the actions of Allah. The disbelievers, when the messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) came to them, were believing in Tawhid ar-Rububiyyah. But this belief of theirs did not bring any advantage for them, because they did not divert all the types of worship only to Allah. So if anyone believes that it is Allah who has created him, and cherishing him, and if he doesn’t worship only Allah, then he is a mushrik.
4. Questions:
- What is the meaning of singling out Allah in His actions?
- Which type of Tawhid did the disbelievers of Makkah believe at the time of Prophet (peace be upon him)?
- What is the proof that they believed in Tawhid ar-Rububiyyah?
- If a person believes in Tawhid ar-Rububiyyah and doesn’t divert all types of worship to Allah alone, can he be called as a Muslim? Why?